gally



(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1. M. GALLY.

MECHANICAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT.

No. 343,900. Patented June 15, 1886.

x0 0 O o 0 O O O O O O Witnesses:

Inventor.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2, M. GALLY.

MECHANICAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT.

Patented June 15, 1886.

Witnesses:

Inventor n. mas. Phdlo-Lrim nphw. wad-m n. c.

(No Model) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

M. GALLY.

MECHANICAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT. No. 343,900. Patented June 15, 1886.

R A R Witnesses Inveritor.

(No Model.)

4 Sheets-Shee-t 4. M. GALLY.

MECHANICAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT. No. 343.900.

Patented June 15, 1886.

ll IHIHH O l l l Witnesse N. PETERS. Phclwbthogmpb'r. wan-" mv u. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MERRITT GALLY, OF NEYV YORK, N. Y.

MECHANICAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 343,900, dated June 15,1886.

Application filed May 15, 1884. Serial No. 131,550. (No model.) Patentedin England July 11, 1882, No. 3,291.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, MERnIr'r GALLY, a citi zen of the United States,residing at New York city, in the county of New York and State of NewYork, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in MusicalInstruments, of which the following is a specification.

The subject-matter of claim 9 of this ap plication has been patented inEngland to M. Gally, July 11, 1882, No. 3,291.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a transverse sectional viewshowing the internal construction of the instrument. Fig. l is asectional view of valve. Fig. 1 is a trans verse sectional view of thetracker-ran ge. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the interior of the airchest,showing the arrangement of the valves and pneumatic motors. Fig. 8 is aplan view looking down upon the reed-boards and tracker-range. Fig. 4 isa front view of a part of the action, showing the automatic motorconnected to the bellows, and also the music sheet-winding mechanism,and Fig. 4 is a side view of the noiseless ratchet and ratchetv lever.

In my patent of October 7, 1879, I describe and claim pneumatic motorsfor operating the valves of the sounding devices of musical instruments,the motors being arranged spread out in two or more lines, alternatingin their arrangement to accommodate the arrangement of the soundingdevices and secure room for suitable-sized pneumatic motors. In thepresent case I arrange the motors a a a a, Figs. 1 and 2, in four lines,duplicating the two lines of alternating motors and divide the range ofsounding devices D D, giving apart of the range to each of the two setsof alternating motors. I make a still further division of the range, ifdesired, by adding still further lines of single or alternating motors.

In the drawings are shown two lines of sounding devices and four linesof motors.

In ordinary reedorgans the reedcells of the reed-boards D D are arrangedclosely side by side, so that their valves shall correspond in positionand lie in line with the finger-keys of the manual. This is notnecessary to my construction, and in order to accommodate the best sizeof pneumatic motors and their best arrangement I separate thereed-cells, as shown in Fig. 3, to correspond with the position of themotors. This construction also allows me to cut channels 9 in the bodyof the reed-board or valve-board between the valve-openings to the reedsas duets for the construction of tubes t leading to the outer lines ofpneumatic n10- tors a a, thus confining my leader-tubes t to the spacebetween the reed-boards D D, making a very compact and convenientarrange ment of parts.

The pneumatic motors a a a a for operating the sounding-valves areplaced within the air-chest A, and are constructed as follows: I attachthe edges of a thin flexible diaphragm, S, to the internal wall of theair-chest A, either covering a slight depression in the wall, or makethe diaphragm sufficiently baggy to allow a sufficient movement of thediaphragm from the plane surface of the wall without the depression.After placing a suflicient number of these diaphragms within theordinary exhaust-chest of the organ to correspond with the number ofsounding-valves I connect with each of the valve-levers d d o c apresser, as a a, in contact with the diaphragm S. The pressers a toresemble buttons in form, and are sustained at a little distance fromthe valvelever by a support, This permits thepressers to a, &c., to beperforated without Weakening the valve-lever by aperforation therein.

The valve-levers are held in position by means of ordinaryvalve-springs, as shown, holding the valves 1) I) to their seats when innormal position.

I extend air-ducts from the tracker-range O to the surface of thediaphragm S, which is opposite that within the air-chest A, and whilethese tubes are open to the external atmos phere during the exhaust ofthe air-chest A air pressure from without forces the diaphragm 8 againstthe pressure on the valvelevers and opens the valves. Vhile noairpressure is allowed to act through the tubes, the valves remain intheir seats and close oif the sounding devices.

In order that the diaphragm may have a quick return movement, I puncturethe diaphragm with a very small perforation, either opposite an openingin the presser or in any other convenient position.

For convenience in manufacture I attach the center of the diaphragm tothe presser, and make an opening through both diaphragm p the pin. Thisallows the valverto have-a-rockand presser at their point of attachment.The

presser a a, being of a material not subject to much contraction orexpansion, is perforated, and at the side away from the diaphragm thisperforation is of small size. While the perforation in the elasticdiaphragm may stretch and vary, the perforation in the presser, whichdetermines the passage of air, will remain practically constant. Thepresser a a,

being placed within the air-chest" A, is not necessarily attached to thediaphragm.

The pneumatic motors and valves for the sounding-devices being bothcontained in the exhaust air-chest. A, the. same exhaust both sounds thereeds and provides for the operation of the valves.

I construct the valves b, whichoperatethe Y extends .nearly through: thevalve to a point verynear its-face. I make this socket slightlytaperingoralittlelargerthan the pin of the valve-lever d, as shown.. Iplace the valveon.

the pin ofthe lever, thesocket beingloose on ing movementwithoutchanging materiallythe position of..its face, as shown by. thedottedlines. By makingthe valve a little thicker in the partwherethe pin islocated than where it rests on the.valve-seat the socket maybe extendedthrough to.a point. exactlyinline with the valve-seat, in which casetherewill be no slidingmovement whatever in the adjustment of thevalvetoits seat.. i

Between the reed-cell D and. the valveb, I cut, .atitheside of theair-passage which leadsfrom the. reed to the valve,a-recess, 5. Thisrecess modifies the tension of thecurrent; of air in its passage fromthe reed to thevalve and greatly improves thetone of the reed.

In order to limit the .movementof the valvelevers in opening the valves,I use adjusting hangers c c '0 0 Fig; 1. These are formedflof wire,havinga screw-threadcut on eachend;

one end being 7 screwed firmly .into the valve board. Thewi'repassesloosely through the: valve-lever, ,and has an. adj usting nut'. underthe lever, with. whichathe. movement. of the. valve isadjusted.bylimitingthemovement. of the lever.

In order to. make the trackerrange G'as shortas possible, .toaccommodate. a .narrow music-sheet, and at the same time allow-theconnection of. leader-tubes t of suffieientwsize, for-successfuloperation, Iconstruct thetrack-: er-range as shown in Figs. 1 and 1*.

In my patent .of October 7 ,x 187 9, I describe .forthe attachment oftubes t.

a tracker-range having ducts leading to either ing tubes for each sideof the tracker-range.

From the openings in the upper face of the .traekerfrange C, Fig. 1", Ilead alternately to two lines of vertical ducts, as shown. From each .ofthese lines of vertical ducts I lead to "two lines-of alternatinghorizontal ducts, n n, This gives me four times the space occupied byeach opening in the face of the tracker for the connection of: tubes-t,which greatlyfacilitates the attachment of the tubes, and also theconstruction ;-of the tracker-range.

. In'Fig. 3 it willbe'seen that the letters 011 themed-boardsrepresenting the notescom- ;mence at. the. central line' at. theposition of the tracker-range,.alternatingtoward the ex-- tremes-forthe: board D and take a reversev order for thelboardD. Imake'thisarrange mentv of the reed-cells inorder tolpreserve the,regular order of the musical scalerto the open ings in the face of thetrackera'ange, and-.be gable tolead directlyto right and left by theleader-tubes t to the operating motors for the several-reeds.

The large-external pneumaticmotorsV V, Fig.3, connect-with the'levers uu for oper- ,ating theswells'orstops.-

In Fig. 1 the leversu u are shown con- ,nected with the swell's G- G.The leadertubes which lead from the tracker-range to ,these motors havea cut-off valve, as shown-in Fig. 1,at a. One part of the tube,- as 0,leads through therseat of the sliding-valve u atone end ofagroove-in-thevalve, and e leadsto the-other-endofthe groove, the-groove for-m-'- .ingthe connection of the duct. When the valve uis moved bymeans of lever aso that thegroovedoes not connect thetwo parts of the tube 6 e theswell-will be cut off from ,the action of. the music-sheet. Thisconstructi on allows the operator at his option I to produce theexpression with the music=sheet or in the ordinary: manner withthe-knee-swells and manual stopsof-the organ. I have. described andclaimed this matter a broadly in previous -,pat.ents-. I only show inthis connection. specifically a simple and improved 'de vice.

Fig 1, I place: a -i membranous vibrating re ,flector E. E, which :isstretched -onthe frame f f. This differs .materially in efiect from asoundingboard, not only-increasingthe-vol- Above the soundingldevices,as shown in- IIS nine and. power ofthe tones, but giving them :apeculiar characteristic. quality, very desirablefor, some stops, andquite unlike thatproe vducedin any otheraway Figvelgshows themusic-sheet kin conn'ec-. tion 'withthe tracker-range. The roller Pisthe winding or take-up. roller forthe music- 'sheet,.- and is. shown asconnectedbybelt N to 'aclock-motor, which -.clock-motor also drives thebellows B B through the connecting-pitman F and crank B. This clock-workI operate either by spring or weights, as the case may require. In orderto wind this clockwork without producing a conflicting noise while themusic is being performed, I use a peculiar noiseless ratchet.

WVhat I claim as my invention is-- 1. A musical instrument having two ormore lines of sounding devices, each line being provided with two linesof alternating pneumatic valve-motors, substantially as specified.

2. The combination, with two lines of alien nating valve-levers, of fourlines of pneumatic motors arranged substantially as specified.

8. The combination, with the sounding devices and two lines ofoperating-valves, of two lines of valve-levers, alternate levers beingpivoted at opposite ends, substantially as specified. v

4. The combination, with the tracker-range O and leader-tubes t, ofducts g, passing between the valve-openings to the outside lines ofpneumatic motors, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

5. The combination, with the sounding device and an exhaust-air chest,of operatingvalves and valve-levers contained within the chest, eachvalve-lever provided with a button forming apresser, against which aflexible diaphragm is forced by external air-pressure to open the valve,as set forth.

6. The combination,with the reed and its operating-valve, of the pressersustained a little away from the valve-lever, said presser beingperforated, and a perforated flexible diaphragm within the valve-chest,against which said presser bears, as set forth.

7. The combination, with a reed-valve, of a valve-lever having adisk-presser and a diaphragm acting on said presser, all being withinthe exhaust-chest, as set forth.

8. The combination, with the valve-lever, of the self-adjusting valvewith socket and pin, constructed substantially as and for the purposespecified.

9. The air-ductleading from the reed to the operating-valve, providedwith the recess 5, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

10. The combination, with the valve-levers, of the adjusting hangers,substantially as and for the purpose specified.

11. The single tracker-range provided with two lines of ducts, each lineterminating in two alternating lines of 1eader-tubes,substantially asand for the purpose specified.

12. The trackerrange having ducts leading alternately from its face totwo lines of ducts, each line terminating in alternating lines ofleader-tubes, substantially as specified.

13. A reed-board having the reeds corre sponding to the notes of thescale alternating and in reverse order at each side of the trackerrange,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

14. The combination, with the leader-tubes of the pneumaticexpression-motors, of the grooved cut-off valve, substantially as andfor the purpose specified.

15. The combination, with the reeds of a reed-board, of a membranousvibrating reflector placed parallel with and at a little distance fromsaid reeds.

16. The combination, with the reed-valve, of a valve-1ever and apneumatic motor, the valve being placed between the fulcrum of the leverand the motor.

17. Aseries of pneumatic motors and a series of valve-levers alternatelyarranged, the lever from one motor crossing the motor of the adjacentlever at a sufiicient distance to allow the free movement of each,substantially as described.

MERRIIT GALLY.

Witnesses:

D. B. GALLY, XVM. A. GALLY.

